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Enzymes   Probiotics   Biofertilizers   Biopesticides   Effluent Treatment   Projects Biofertilizers The green revolution has result in grater development in the agricultural production over four decades. However the widespread use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has led to a number of problems causing serious health and environmental pollutions. The excessive use of chemicals fertilizers is now leading to decrease in crop yield, in balance in soil nutrients and an adverse effect on soils physico-chemical properties. In addition chemicals fertilizers are not only in short supply but also they are expensive. At this critical juncture, biofertilizers are useful supplement to chemical fertilizers. What is the Biofertilizers? Biofertilizers is microbial preparations containing living cells of efficient strain of microorganisms. Biofertilizers are low cost, effective and renewable sources of plant nutrients. Biologically active products containing selective strains of microorganisms, which can contribute to plant nutrients through microbial activity, are known as biofertilizers. Biofertilizers is 100% natural. The best quality organic fertilizers known that helps to provide all the nutrients required by the plants and helps to increase the quality of the soil with a natural micro organisms environment. Biofertilizers are the most advanced biotechnology necessary to support developing organic Agriculture, sustainable agriculture, green agriculture and non-pollution agriculture. This Biofertilizers can increase the output improve the quality and it is responsible for agricultural environment today. It has been widely used with excellent results in all kinds of plants and several countries. What do bacteria do in soil? Bacteria are able to perform an extremely wide range of chemicals transformations, including degradation of organic matter, disease suppression and nutrient transformations inside roots. Application Technology: Biofertilizers have to be properly applied to the seed or to the soil. For this appropriate application a method should be followed based on the type o crop and type of culture. Seed Treatment: Dissolve 50 grams country sugar in half liter (500ml) water and heat for 15 minutes and cool it to room temperature. Mix biofertilizers (200gms) I it to form a slurry. Add the slurry to the seed required to plant one acre. Mix the seed with slurry in such a way that all seed should get uniform coating of the inoculum. The seed is thus dried for about 30 minutes, under the shade on a plastic sheet. So that biofertilizer suspension sticks to the seed. The mixture of Rhizobium and phosphor bacterium can be used for legume crops. The mixture of Azospirillum, Azotobacter and phosphate solubulizing bacteria can be used for non-leguminous crops-like cereals, oilseeds cotton, vegetable and all other crops which are usually planted as seeds. The amount of culture, water and sticken needed for one acre depends on the seed size and seed rate because the objective is to coat/cover the seed with the biofertilizer slurry, usually 200 gms per acre inoculum can be used for small size seed like green gram, black gram, and red gram. 400 grams per acre inoculum should be used for bigger size seed like groundnut and cotton. For transplanted crops like rice, chilli, tomato and other vegetables the mixture of Azospirillum and PSB can be used. Mix 1kg of biofertilizer inoculum mixture 1:1 in 10 liter water The roots of seedlings can be dipped in the mixed water for 20-30 minutes before transplanting. Soil Applications: The mixture of Azospirillum/Azotobacter (5 kg) and PSB (5 kg) can be mixed in 50-100 kg of compost or sand. The mixture can be directly apply to the soil. This method is recommended for all crops like sugar cane, vegetable and all horticultural crops. The amount of culture depends on type of the crop usually 10 kg of Biofertilizers can be applied to 1 acre field for various crops. Precautionary Measures : Keep biofertilizers pockets under shade. Mix Biofertilizers with seeds as per full requirements Dry treated seeds in shade. Sow treated seeds immediately after drying the better time of sowing is either the early morning or afternoon when heat is tolerable. Do not use poor quality Biofertilizer Do not use pockets on date, batch no, name of manufacturer and expiry date is not mentioned. Do not mix biofertilizers with insecticides like fungicides, herbicides and chemical fertilizer. Do not mix the biofertilizer with seed under direct sunlight. Do not delay sowing after treatment o seed with biofertilizers. Advantages of Biofertilizers: Biofertilizers can complement the use of chemical fertilizers. Biofertilizers being cheap can help to reduce deficiency in fertilizer consumption. They are capable to convert the elemental from of nitrogen of the free biological nitrogen into the form which becomes readily available to the plant. Some biofertilizers solubilize & mineralize the phosphorous and increase the uptake of phosphorous to the plants. Bio inoculants also enhance plant growth by releasing of hormones, vitamins, auxins etc… Their use increases crop yield by 10-20% on an average. Some biofertilizers protect the crops from various soil borne diseases by controlling (or) suppressing their effects with their antagonistic behavior against pathogens. They help to proliferate and survival of other beneficial micro organisms in soil. Improves soil properties & sustain soil fertility. Provide plant nutrition at low cost and benefits the consecutive crops.

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