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Enzymes   Probiotics   Biofertilizers   Biopesticides   Effluent Treatment   Projects Probiotics Probiotics are live microorganisms (in most cases, bacteria) that are similar to beneficial microorganisms found in the animal gut. They are also called friendly bacteria or good bacteria. Probiotics are available in the form of dietary supplements and foods. They can be used as complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Prebiotics are not the same thing as probiotics-non digestible food ingredients that selectively stimulate the growth and/ or activity of beneficial microorganisms already in animal colons. When prebiotics and probiotics are mixed together, they form a symbiotic. The micro biota is an important constituent of the intestine's defense barrier because it induces and maintains specific immune responses and hypo responsiveness to antigens. Furthermore, it is known that certain bacterial species in the gastrointestinal tract can liberate low molecular weight peptides that trigger the immune system. The mode of action of probiotics strains is likely to be multifactorial and, from existing evidence, appears to be strain specific. Enhancement of colonization resistance and direct inhibitory effects against pathogens. Probiotics strains have inhibited pathogenic bacteria both in vitro and in vivo through several different mechanisms. Aqua Probiotics The probiotics were defined as live microbial feed supplements that improve health of man and terrestrial livestock. The gastrointestinal micro biota of fish and prawn are peculiarly dependent on the external environment, due to the water flow passing through the digestive tract. Most bacteria cells are transient in the gut, with continuous intrusion of microbes coming from water and food. The survival of these probiotics was uncertain in aquatic environment. Most attempts to propose probiotics have been under taken by isolating and selecting strains from aquatic environment. These microbes were lactic acid bacteria, bacillus species, and yeasts. Three main characteristics have been searched in microbes as candidates to improve the health of their host. The antagonism to pathogens was shown in vitro in most cases The colonization potential Confirmed that strains could increase the resistance to disease of their host The benefits of these Probiotics are: Improves the digestive system Develops the natural resistant to diseases It promotes the growth by releasing required enzymes and vitamins Be non toxic and non pathogenic to the host Remove toxic substances from the water It degrades Ammonia into NO2 & NO3. It degrades waste material from bottom of the ponds. It inhibits water born and soil born pathogens. It develops oxygen by photosynthesis.

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